erwin



D. B. ERWIN CONTROL SYSTEMS Aug. l1, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 8, 1955 y W w r W R n m n 7 A M5 x k r .YY

A1182 1l 1959 D. B. ERwlN 2,899,645

CONTROL SYSTEMS Filed Sept. 8, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ffa'. 2

United States Patent O CONTROL SYSTEMS David B. Erwin, La Grange, Ill., assignor to Western Electric Company, Incorporated, New York, N.Y., a corporation of New York Application September 8, 1955, Serial No. 533,121

12 Claims. (Cl. 331-86) This invention relates to control systems, and more particularly to control systems for magnetron test sets.

In the use of control apparatus where settings of such apparatus must vary Widely in a short period of time, it is `desirable to automatically bring the apparatus to precise settings and to effect this as quickly as possible. If low speed setting mechanisms are used, excessive time is often required to change the setting, while if high speed setting mechanisms are used, it is diiiicult to obtain precision and hunting often occurs.

An object of the invention is to provide new and mproved control systems.

Another object of the invention is to provide new and improved control systems for magnetron test sets.

Another object of the invention is to provide control systems having automatically operable setting mechanisms which change the system at high rate of speed toward a desired setting when the setting is outside a predetermined range and change the system at a low rate of speed when the setting is almost correct.

A control system illustrating certain features of the invention may include a reversible `drive for a control device, and direction controlling means for actuating the drive. There also may be provided high speed means and low speed means for connecting the drive to the control device and means for changing from the high speed means to the low speed means as the control device nears an intended condition.

An apparatus illustrating the invention more specifical- -ly may include a meter relay operable when anode current of a magnetron being tested is outside a predetermined range for setting to high rate of speed a changespeed transmission driving power to a current-adjusting device and setting the transmission to low rate of speed when the anode current is in said range. A second meter relay serves to actuate a reversible motor to drive the transmission in a direction such as to drive the current-adjusting device toward a predetermined point tending to cause the magnetron to have an anode current of a predetermined value within said range.

A complete understanding of the invention may be obtained from the following detailed description of a control system forming a specific embodiment thereof, when read in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a schematic of a control system forming one embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of a change-speed device forming a portion of the system shown in Fig. 1.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, there is shown therein a control apparatus for a test set for energizing a magnetron so as to keep the average anode current thereof constant. The magnetrons output goes to a load 11, and, as a magnetron-frequency adjusting mechanism l is changed, either automatically or manually, the average current of the magnetron varies, and a power .supply 12 of a well known type must be adjusted according to the change in the current to supply power to ICC a modulator 13 of a well known type to supp-ly more or less power to the magnetron 10. A meter 14 receives current from the magnetron proportional to the anode current, and this current ows to ground through series-connected windings of high-sensitivity meter relays 18 and 19 of a well known type, and a manually adjustable range-controlling rheostat 20 shunting the relays. The rheostat 20 controls the range of voltage across the relays 18 and 19, and thus, may be adjusted slowly to bring the power applied to the magnetron up slowly in the start of a test.

If the average anode current is within a very narrow desired range, the relay 19 holds a contactor 25 in a position out of contact with both contacts 26 and 27 so that neither relay 28 nor relay 29 is energized and motors 30 and 31 for driving a shaft 32 in opposite directions are both deenergized. lf the average magnetron anode current is below this narrow range, the meter relay 19 holds the contactor 25 against the contact 27 to energize the relay 29 to energize the motor 31, which drives the shaft 32 in such a direction as to drive a contactor 35 of a variac 36, through a change-speed device 37 and a shaft .38, in a direction raising the voltage output of the power supply 12 to raise the anode current. If the average magnetron anode current is above this narrow range, the meter relay 19 holds the contactor 25 in engagement with the contact 26 to energize the relay 28 to energize the motor 30 to drive the shaft 32 in the opposite direction to adjust the power supply 12 to lower its voltage output. If the magnetron anode current is within the narrow desired range, the relay 19 holds the contactor out of engagement with both contacts 26 and 27 to keep both motcrs 30 and 31 deenergized.

If the average magnetron anode current is outside a broader predetermined range having the previously described nt:row desired range in the center thereof, the meter relay 18 either holds a contactor 41 in engagement with a contact 42 if the current is on the low side of the broader range, or holds the contactor 41 in engagement with a contact 43 if the current is on the high side of the broader range. in both of these conditions, a relay 44 is energized to move a contactor 45 from a contact 46 to a contact 47 to deenergize a low speed clutch solenoid 48 and energize a high speed clutch solenoid 49. Whenever the solenoid 49 is energized the change-speed device 37 drives the shaft 38 at the same rate of speed as that of the shaft 32 so that the variac 36 and the power supply 12 are adjusted rapidly. Whenever the average magnetron anode current is within the broader range, which means that it is too close to the desired value for high speed adjustment of the power supply 12, the relay 18 holds the contactor 41 away from both contacts 42 and 43 so that only the clutch solenoid 48 is energized, and the clutch solenoid 48 places the change speed device 37 in a condition reducing the ratio of the speed of the shaft 32 to that of the shaft 38 from 1:1 to 40:1. Then the variac 36 and the power supply 12 are brought closely to desired adjustment. Hence, no overshooting of or hunting for desired adjustment occurs.

The change-speed device 37 includes the input shaft 32 driving positively a gear 61 keyed thereto and a driver of a clutch 62 of a well known type. For slow speed of the output shaft 38, a clutch 64 of a well known type is made operative by energization of the solenoid 48, and a gear 65 keyed to a gear 66 drives a gear 67 keyed to a gear 68 to drive a gear 69. The gear 69 drives the driver of the clutch 64, which drives a gear 71 to drive a gear 72 keyed to shaft 38. At this time the clutch 62 permits an output gear 73 thereof to run freely. The gears 67 and 68 rotate freely on the shaft 32, and the gears 65 and 66 rotate freely relative to the gear 69. For

high speed output. mto rapidly, ,.adiustthexarac 6, the clutch 64 is thrown out, andthe clutch 62 is made operative and drives the shaft directly through gears 73 and 74.

, It is to be understood that,theaboyedescribedgarrangef`- ments are simply illustrative o, theapplication pt the principles of, the invention. NumerQusQ-.otherarranget ments may be readily devised by those skilled Vin the;y art` which will embody the principles of the invention and fall within the'spirit and'scope thereof.

What is' claimed is: A t t, 1;'A control system, which comprises a' device, meansVA forcrneasuring a characteristic of thedevice having a pre1 determined .desired value; lnormally 4unoperated 'means vfor adjusting the device to vary the value ofthe'characteristic; means operated by'thezmeasuringmeans for driving the` adjusting means at a high rate of*s'peedwhen"the value of 'the' characteristic" diiers from" the desired value by more than 'a predetermined amount, and means .operi atedlby the measuring means for4 drivingthe adjusting` means at a slow rate' of" speed' when the'value of the characteristic diiers from 'the"desired"vall'lez'vb3 less than saidpredetermin'edamountl Y a 2,' In a system for controlling ai device,"m ean for` n iea'si'lring'YA av characteristic ofI thedevicef normally-4 urio'p'erated means' for adius'ting th 'e"d`e \'fi ce't to'vary the'value ofthe characteristic, means dperatjedbyftnetneasnring means for driving the adjustingmeansatahigliratof speed when thevalue of the characteristicdilei's'tronia predeterrriined value more" thaiifma predtelrnnei a'rilou'rit, and means operatedIb'y` the 'measiring m'a'ns 'for' divingthe adjustingmeans ata'slwratb speedwhen theV value' of the characteristic difer's'fibmsaidfvaltitby less thansaid predetermined amount?- 'f 3; In a control system'foradevic'e, me ing` vpowerY to the device,"jnormall y uriop varying. thetPQWsr-Supplya means; one'c'onditionjofthe `device fiori initiatin operation and driving'the varyin'g'means Vat'athi`gl 1"r 'ate" offspe` means responsive` to' asecond condition ofthedeviceffor initiating` operation anddriving` theva'rying mt'eans7 atv al slow rate of` s`1t efedT In a controlfsystem' for controllinga vicede'siredfto be'V operatedVr so as 'tofproyide' iStQiQf a'predeterminedvalue, 1,1`1a11S*f,0. `m' jl'rinsth charatervisticof'the'device, vnorina'l-lunpp rleyersiblein responseto' the mcasu rameanstoadiusti ing the' deviceV toV vary the` valu`f of tlj1e`` characteristic; meansfor initiating and'drivingfthe'adjusting :j high rate of speed when the' value' ofthe,4 charact istic differs from the desired'value'by more lthai1jaj'predetermined amount, and means for initiatiiigfand' driyingfthe adjusting means at a slow'rateofsp'eed`whenf1he'-value ofthe characteristic diiers rorn'thedsired 'valeby'less than' said predetermined amount.l 5.f In a system for regulating Va` 'de'`/ic`ef`s an adjustable power supply for energizing'th'e device,y are le' drive for adjusting the power supply, means' for e firing a characteristic of the device, direction-'controlling means responsive to the measuring means forla'ctuatin the; drive toadjust the powersupply tobringnthecha i eristic toward a predetermined'value,4 means re'sponsiveto the measuring means forA actuating" the dr`iv'e'at'al highra'te or4 Srsdwhen the, value ,Ot the Character-istie .diby' at least a predetermined, 9.10pm frgmlsaid pretrriled Value and means reSPOnS'iY t the'meaiifi'as 'for atuatinathedrive attelerrataot,Sr` Whsthe allie of the characteristic dil rs Vfrom said predetermined value In al system for ,controlling istic toward. a predetermined.valutaneansrrsrpasirata the measuring means for actuating the drive at a high rate of speed when the value of the characteristic dilers by at least a predetermined amount from said predetermined value, and means responsive to the measuring means for actuating the drive at a low rate of speed when the value of the characteristic differsfrorh 'said predetermined value by less than said amount? g s s ,m

ln a magnetron test set, anadjustable power supply sponsive tothe" measuring means for actuating th'e''drive to adjust the powenrnsupply to b the characteristic toward a predetermined'value, ri ns responsive to the measuring means for actuating the drive at a high rate of speed when the value of the characteristic diiers by at `rettete predeterminedameunt from' saidrpredetettnined value, and means' responsive' tothe` measuringl means V-for actuating the drive ata low'ratefofsp'eed when'theValue o'fthe characteristic diiers'fro'm'saidpredeterminedvalue by lesstliansaid atrio'uitl.

prin 1er supply for a magneticn,n means' for varyingfttie loadpn the`rn'agnetron, a firstmeterrelay operable'when' determined amount frontiy apredetermined vali1 e}a"s ec2 ond meter' relay operable when" the magnetron anode speedconditionand a low speedcbnditionfr afdsting the powerk supply',Y a' vfirst 'solenoid'forf actuating the'itrans miijign t for actuating the tran'smissionto 'its 'low spe'edcondrtion';

siichasto increase' the power; outputot the power supply, at second motor" for -drivingth'e tr'ans'nii'ssion the opL power supply, meansy operable i by meterI relay for" actuating the'rst solenoidwhen thefmagfnetron 'anode' currt-:jntl differs Yfrom Y d than said predetermined amount, 'means voperable by' the first meterjr'elayforfactu ting tlie se'c'ond'solenoidwh'en mined value"by less^than said' predetermined" amount; means operable bythe second'-l r relay for" actuating than sadpredetermined valu'v I ieeklitfsltpeirable'l second meter relay;4 f or ctuating th'e"sec0nd'r hot;or

mined value; sir'pply including an 'adjustabl trausformer"itul supplying Hald 01%' fhraeetfgm formi `.filla'fhe an @attirent ofthetmagnetron enligne@ 1 para su @11i 'this termined ,amoir rom 'ap-re' termined'valu )afsec'o'nd meter Lrelay operable when 't enrnagn in' se'risfwith't Vimetenfarheostatconnected inf series' with the rri'eter` and in' parallel with "the" relays, 1a: trans# conditionf'or'adjustingfthe'transf t, a' solenoid for actuating the transmissi njpto high 1speed condii its lowspeed'condition,f` a' irS,l` motorifo d v the transmission in adirect'ion.slclasf'to' inc the transmission 1n the opposite, direction to 'decrea'se-tl1`e power output of the `power''s iiprbl'ygY means operable by theV masne'frnf aade serrait fiets time, ,S value by more` than `said predetermined amount, means operable 8.` A magnetron' testset, which "comprises'ah'adiustable th'imagnetrdn anode currenttdiier's by" more thanap-re current is not at said value, a transmission hfaving ahigh to" its high" speed" condition,` a" second solenoid alnst motor" for drivingthe` transmission injadirectien posite direction' to decrease tlebwer utput of' the' i predetr'mine'dvalueiby nio e` thfejniagnetmn anode'curreiit differs from said"prdete'r" tlrejfrstjmtorwhen the" magn tron4 a'idfcurrentis" less the anode current is" greater? tliansaidpredeter'- A magnetronf te/st set, whiclf cdmpis'esf' power power tor a' rriagnetfr'on,- mean" fonvaryingrt:

magnetron anode current d `y ers' by;

is notat' said Vahle, 'meansy cyr-inn;eatingl` the meterVA relays mission having afhigh speed `c onitti o 1 1 and aploi speed tio'n, a second solenoid fo'ractua'fingfthe transmission to outputfof the p'owersipply, the r'st meter relay fori actuating 'the sol'riid'when thev iirst'm'e'ter' 'relay' for actuating the secondisolanoid when the magnetron anode current differs from said value by no more than said predetermined amount, means operable by the second meter relay for actuating the rst motor when the magnetron anode current is less than said predetermined value, and means operable by the second meter relay for actuating the second motor when the anode current is greater than said predetermined value.

10. In a control system for an electronic device, a source of power, an adjustable means for regulating and supplying said power to the electronic device, a rst normally unoperated means for adjusting said regulating means, a second normally unoperated means for adjusting said regulating means, means responsive to current ow through said electronic device of a first predetermined range of magnitudes for operating the first means to adjust said regulating means, and means responsive to current liow through said electronic device beyond said predetermined range of magnitudes for operating said second means to adjust said regulating means.

11. In a control system for an electronic device, a power source for supplying current to said electronic device, means for varying the current supplied to the device, a rst normally unoperated means for operating the varying means to increase the supplied current at a rst predetermined rate, a second normally unoperated means for operating the varying means to decrease the supplied current at said first predetermined rate, means for measuring the current supplied to electronic device, a rst relay circuit operated by the measuring means ascertaining current below a preselected range for operating said first normally unoperated means, a second relay circuit operated by the measuring means ascertaining current above the preselected range for operating said second normally unoperated means, and means responsive to the measuring means ascertaining current beyond a second preselected range for operating said current varying means at a second predetermined rate.

12. In a control system for an electronic device, a power source for supplying current to said electronic device, a resistor having a movable contact arm for controlling the current supplied to the electronic device, normally unoperated drive means for moving the Contact arm to vary the current supplied to the electronic device, a rst relay circuit including a normally open contact for operating said drive means, means responsive to a current beyond a lirst predetermined range for energizing said first relay circuit, means interposed between the drive means and the contact for changing the rate of movement ofthe contact arm by said drive means, a normally unoperated solenoid for operating said rate changing means, a second relay circuit having a normally open contact for operating said solenoid, and means responsive to a current beyond a second predetermined range for energizing said second relay circuit.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,499,967 Nicholson Mar. 7, 1950 2,692,946 Schroeder Oct. 26, 1954 2,745,016 Kulikowski et al. May 8, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 500,111 Great Britain Feb. 1, 1939 

